Metonym

met·o·nym

ˈmedəˌnim/

noun

a word, name, or expression used as a substitute for something else with which it is closely associated. For example, Washington is a metonym for the federal government of the US.

" The house in the novel's title sits on Detroit's Yarrow Street, and we are introduced to it long before the city attains its current status as a metonym for urban decay." - http://www.vox.com/2015/11/18/9753832/national-book-award-2015-nominee-reviews